문서의 이전 판입니다!
목차
문법에 따른 영어 작문 패턴
영어 문장의 형태
| 평서문 | I love you |
|---|---|
| 의문문 | You love me? |
| 부정문 | I don't love you |
| 명령문 | Do! love. |
| 현재 | I love you. |
|---|---|
| 과거 | I loved you. |
| 미래 | I will love you. |
시제(Tense) 1
과거
| 그의 가족은 모두가 이야기하기를 좋아했다. | All his family were fond of talking. |
|---|---|
| 과거형으로 표현하는 게 더 자연스러움. 가족은 복수로 'his family' 좋아했다 → were fond of |
|
| In those days his family wer five in all. | |
| Where were the committee? | |
| Those cattle wer of a Danish breed. | |
| 어제는 겨울치고는 이상스럽게 따뜻했다. | It was unusually warm for winter yesterday. |
| 어제는 처음부터 과거시제. 이상스럽게 (부사 형용사) → unusually warm. 겨울치고는 → for winter |
|
| It was unusually cool for summer yesterday. | |
| It was unusually windy the day before yesterday. | |
| 나는 1948년 4월 11일 서울에서 태어났다. | I was born in Seoul on the 11th of April, 1948. |
| 태어난 시점이므로 과거형 → was born | |
| Thomas Edison was born in America in 1847. | |
| He was born in the twenties of the Sejong era. | |
미래
A. 단순 미래
| 평서문 “(하지 않으)리라” |
|---|
| I [We] shall (미국식 will) (not) succeed. |
| You [You] will (not) succeed. |
| He [She, It, They] will (not) succeed. |
*미국식 영어에서는 I [We] will (not) succeed 를 즐겨 쓴다.
| 의문문 …(하지 않을) 것일까? |
|---|
| Shall I [We] (not) succeed? |
| Shall you [You] will (not) succeed. |
| He [She, It, They] will (not) succeed. |
*Shan't [∫ɑːnt]…, Won't [wount]…로 쓰기도 한다.
B.의지 미래
| 평서문 1인칭(이야기하는 사람)의 의지 : “나는 …할 작정이다” |
|---|
| I will do (= intend to do). |
| You (You) shall do ( = I will make (or let) you do). |
| He shall do ( = I will make (or let) him do. |
| 의문문 2인칭(상대방)의 의지를 물음 : “당신은 …할 작정인가?” |
|---|
| Shall I do ( = Do you wish me to do)? |
| Will you do ( = Do you intend to do)? |
| Shall he do ( = Do you wish him to do)? |
| 이번에는 입학 시험에 합격하리라 생각한다. | I hope I shall/will pass the entrance examination this time. |
|---|---|
| 좋은 결과를 바라는 “hope” <→ “afraid” 합격하다. pass / succeed in <→fail in; be plucked |
|
| I'm afraid it whill snow this evening. | |
| I hope it will be fine tomorrow. | |
| 나는 이 소설을 내일 밤까지 다 못 읽으리라. | I shall/will not be able to finish (reading) this novel by tomorrow evening |
|---|---|
| 내일 밤까지 by tomorrow evening 다 읽다 finish 할 수 없으리라 shall not be able to / shall be unable. |
|
| I sat up till 3 o'clock. | |
| Wake me up by 7 o'clock. | |
| 나는 여름방학이 되면 곧 귀향할 것입니다. | I shall/will go home as soon ass the summer holliday begin. |
|---|---|
| 하자마자 곧 as soon as 여름 방학이 되다 - 시작 begin | |
| We shall/will go camping to Mt. Seolak next Friday. | |
| I shall/will start if it is fine tomorrow. | |
시제(Tense) 2
완료형
| 모두 집에 돌아가 버렸다. | Everybody has gone home. |
|---|---|
| everybody → 단수 현재의 상태 → 현재완료 gone |
|
| = There is nobody here. | |
| Winter is over, and spring has come. | |
| He has gone to the office and his son to school. | |
| 그녀는 행복해졌다. | She has become happy. |
|---|---|
| 동작완료의 결과 → 현재완료 | |
| = She is happy | |
| It has become quite warm. | |
| He has suddenly become rich. | |
| 아베베는 이미 테이프를 끊고 말았습니다. | Abebe has already breasted the tape. |
|---|---|
| He has already written a letter. | |
| I have already finished reading this novel. | |
진행형
| 나는 미국의 아저씨에게 편지를 쓰고 있습니다. | I am writing (a letter to my uncle in America. |
|---|---|
| 진행중의 동작이므로 I write가 아닌 I am write | |
| I am writing home to my parents. | |
| I am reading a letter from a friend of mine in Jeju. | |
태(Voice)
조동사(Auxiliary Verb)
부정사(Infinitive)
분사(Participle)
현재분사
과거분사
동명사(Participle)
명사절(Noun Clause)
형용사절(Adjective Clause)
부사절(Adverb Clause)
화법(Narration)
과거
| 그의 가족은 모두가 이야기하기를 좋아했다. | All his family were fond of talking. |
|---|---|
| 과거형으로 표현하는 게 더 자연스러움. 가족은 복수로 'his family' 좋아했다 → were fond of |
|
| In those days his family wer five in all. | |
| Where were the committee? | |
| Those cattle wer of a Danish breed. | |
| 어제는 겨울치고는 이상스럽게 따뜻했다. | It was unusually warm for winter yesterday. |
| 어제는 처음부터 과거시제. 이상스럽게 (부사+형용사) → unusually warm. 겨울치고는 → for winter |
|
| It was unusually cool for summer yesterday. | |
| It was unusually windy the day before yesterday. | |
| 나는 1948년 4월 11일 서울에서 태어났다. | I was born in Seoul on the 11th of April, 1948. |
| 태어난 시점이므로 과거형 → was born | |
| Thomas Edison was born in America in 1847. | |
| He was born in the twenties of the Sejong era. | |
미래
A. 단순 미래
| 평서문 “(하지 않으)리라” |
|---|
| I [We] shall (미국식 will) (not) succeed. |
| You [You] will (not) succeed. |
| He [She, It, They] will (not) succeed. |
*미국식 영어에서는 I [We] will (not) succeed 를 즐겨 쓴다.
| 의문문 …(하지 않을) 것일까? |
|---|
| Shall I [We] (not) succeed? |
| Shall you [You] will (not) succeed. |
| He [She, It, They] will (not) succeed. |
*Shan't [∫ɑːnt]…, Won't [wount]…로 쓰기도 한다.
B.의지 미래
| 평서문 1인칭(이야기하는 사람)의 의지 : “나는 …할 작정이다” |
|---|
| I will do (= intend to do). |
| You (You) shall do ( = I will make (or let) you do). |
| He shall do ( = I will make (or let) him do. |
| 의문문 2인칭(상대방)의 의지를 물음 : “당신은 …할 작정인가?” |
|---|
| Shall I do ( = Do you wish me to do)? |
| Will you do ( = Do you intend to do)? |
| Shall he do ( = Do you wish him to do)? |
| 이번에는 입학 시험에 합격하리라 생각한다. | I hope I shall/will pass the entrance examination this time. |
|---|---|
| 좋은 결과를 바라는 “hope” ↔ “afraid” 합격하다. pass / succeed in ↔fail in; be plucked |
|
| I'm afraid it whill snow this evening. | |
| I hope it will be fine tomorrow. | |
| 나는 이 소설을 내일 밤까지 다 못 읽으리라. | I shall/will not be able to finish (reading) this novel by tomorrow evening |
|---|---|
| 내일 밤까지 by tomorrow evening 다 읽다 finish 할 수 없으리라 shall not be able to / shall be unable. |
|
| I sat up till 3 o'clock. | |
| Wake me up by 7 o'clock. | |
| 나는 여름방학이 되면 곧 귀향할 것입니다. | I shall/will go home as soon ass the summer holliday begin. |
|---|---|
| 하자마자 곧 as soon as 여름 방학이 되다 - 시작 begin | |
| We shall/will go camping to Mt. Seolak next Friday. | |
| I shall/will start if it is fine tomorrow. | |
시제(Tense) 2
완료형
| 모두 집에 돌아가 버렸다. | Everybody has gone home. |
|---|---|
| everybody → 단수 현재의 상태 → 현재완료 gone |
|
| = There is nobody here. | |
| Winter is over, and spring has come. | |
| He has gone to the office and his son to school. | |
| 그녀는 행복해졌다. | She has become happy. |
|---|---|
| 동작완료의 결과 → 현재완료 | |
| = She is happy | |
| It has become quite warm. | |
| He has suddenly become rich. | |
| 아베베는 이미 테이프를 끊고 말았습니다. | Abebe has already breasted the tape. |
|---|---|
| He has already written a letter. | |
| I have already finished reading this novel. | |
진행형
| 나는 미국의 아저씨에게 편지를 쓰고 있습니다. | I am writing (a letter to my uncle in America. |
|---|---|
| 진행중의 동작이므로 I write가 아닌 I am write | |
| I am writing home to my parents. | |
| I am reading a letter from a friend of mine in Jeju. | |
태(Voice)
조동사(Auxiliary Verb)
부정사(Infinitive)
분사(Participle)
현재분사
과거분사
동명사(Participle)
명사절(Noun Clause)
형용사절(Adjective Clause)
부사절(Adverb Clause)
화법(Narration)
마지막으로 수정됨: 2022/01/27 17:04
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